Ambassador Lange Essays - HIVAIDS, Presidency Of George W. Bush

Represetative Lange Represetative John Lange: Career in Global Health Diplomacy The concurrent development of Ambassador John Langes profession as a worldwide wellbeing representative and worldwide wellbeing itself embodies the significance of the field as an organize matter on the worldwide plan. The differing exhibit of expert achievements Ambassador Lange accomplished all through his profession shows the interdisciplinary idea of worldwide wellbeing and the numerous approaches to be a solid on-screen character in the field. Diplomat Lange emphatically stressed the elevated need to deliver worldwide wellbeing worries as inconvenient to worldwide flourishing with potential to affect national security and prompting financial emergencies. Mr. Lange began his expert profession with the aim of specializing in legal matters, however immediately ended up drenched in the universal issues domain. During that time, he manufactured his profoundly regarded certifications by working in the State Department Bureaus of African Affairs, Western Hemisphere undertakings just as a few American consulates situated in Togo, France and Mexico. Later on in his profession, Ambassador Lange filled in as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. International safe haven in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and as Chargee Daffaires during which he needed to manage the fear monger bombarding of the Embassy and the results in the outcome. It was not until Mr. Lange became U.S. represetative to the Republic of Botswana that his solid commitment to the field of worldwide wellbeing and vocation as a worldwide wellbeing ambassador initiated. As the individuals of Botswana were encountering up to thirty eight percent HIV irresistible rates, Ambassador Lange felt the impending need to address this staggering marvel as a medical problem as well as a security danger too. This AIDS pandemic was viewed as an imminent security danger as in it would have destabilizing impacts death rates, yet on the limit and ability of the workforce eventually encouraging an extreme financial emergency. Notwithstanding the coordinated effort between Ambassador Lange and the Botswana governments solid endeavors to reduce the circumstance, The U.S. Represetative to the United Nations sorted out the primary UN Security Council meeting on the effect of AIDS on harmony and security in Africa. This notable occasion not just strengthened the solid rela tionship between's AIDS, security, and dependability yet it additionally raised the issue on the worldwide plan. Numerous different U.S.- based elements, for example, the Harvard AIDS establishment and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, among others, assumed a critical job in helping Botswana manage this staggering wellbeing emergency. Completely put resources into the field, Ambassador Lange at that point took on a situation in the State Department where he helped the U.S worldwide AIDS facilitator actualize the new PEPFAR office. PEPFAR, a notable responsibility to fighting a solitary malady, encountered a couple of difficulties at the end of the day was as yet recognized as a special chance to have a massive effect in a crisis circumstance. Through PEPFARs endeavors, just as crafted by different associations, the worry with respect to security dangers in numerous nations has tremendously reduced. Diplomat Lange polished off his profession as a Foreign Service Officer by chipping away at the danger of pandemic flu. During that time, he understood that not exclusively could pandemic flu have genuine outcomes on national security and the whole texture of American culture, yet that it was an issue that should have been tended to at the worldwide level requiring the inclusion of different governments. Diplomat Lange unequivocally underscored that, however global associations, certain objectives significantly should have been accomplished. These objectives being: the rise of avian and pandemic flu on national plans, the need to facilitate endeavors among givers and influenced countries, to prepare and use assets universally, increment straightforwardness in infection detailing and observation, and ultimately to fabricate limit with respect to the long haul. Retaining certain infections would compromise the field of worldwide heath as well as present irregularities with the soul fun damental the arrangements of global wellbeing esteems. After his retirement from the Foreign Service Department, Ambassador Lange took on a position working for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation where he dedicates his time participating in significant level effort among the International Development people group. While working for the Gates Foundation, Ambassador Lange can concentrate on a vertical way to deal with Global Health which involves mediation methodology, observing

Albert Bandura Essay Example

Albert Bandura Paper Composing Assignment #1 Bandura, Ross, Ross (1961). Transmission of animosity through impersonation of forceful models In 1961, Bandura, D. Ross, and S. Ross directed a trial on 72 pre-younger students to look at and investigate the â€Å"Social Learning† hypothesis. The Social Learning hypothesis recommends that human conduct is observationally learned through displaying: from watching others, one structures a thought of how new practices are performed. They anticipated that subjects Method: Design: The members were picked by circumstance examining from Stanford University Nursery School. Members comprised of 36 young men and 36 young ladies, and two grown-ups, a male and a female, both being a good example. The members were separated into eight exploratory gatherings of six subjects each and a benchmark group comprising of 24 youngsters. Half of the test members saw forceful models, while the other half were demonstrated nonaggressive models. These gatherings were then additionally partitioned into male and female subjects, and half of the kids in the forceful and non-forceful gatherings watched same-sexed models, while the other half saw other gender models. The benchmark group was not presented to any grown-up models The subjects were evaluated on four five-point rating scales by the experimenter and a teacher. These evaluations estimated the degree to which the kids showed verbal animosity, physical hostility, hostility toward close items, and forceful hindrance. Method: Subjects were exclusively brought to the test room and were accompanied to one corner of the room, which was their play region. Subsequent to seating the youngster at a little table, the experimenter clarified how subjects could build and configuration pictures with potato prints and picture stickers. The model then again was brought to the contrary corner of the room which comprised of a little seat, table, hammer, tinker toy set, and a 5-foot swelled Bobo doll. The experimenter disclosed to the model that the materials gave was to him/her to play with. With members in the forceful condition, the model amassed the tinker toys and depicted demonstrations of hostility towards the Bobo doll; the model ceaselessly punched the Bobo doll, utilized a hammer to hit the Bobo doll’s head, and hurled it up the air and kicked it. We will compose a custom exposition test on Albert Bandura explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Albert Bandura explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Albert Bandura explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Besides, the model sprinkled with verbally forceful remarks, for example, â€Å"Kick him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"Throw him noticeable all around. † Conversely, with subjects in the non-forceful condition, the model gathered the tinker toys in a quiet detached way, and totally ignoring the Bobo doll. Also, the model made non-forceful remarks, for example, â€Å"He sure is an extreme fella,† and â€Å"He holds returning for additional. † After 10 minutes, the experimenter educated the subject that he would now be brought to another game room. The subjects were then taken into another room loaded up with intriguing toys, a portion of a forceful kind, for example, a 3-foot Bobo doll, a hammer and a peg board, and some nonaggressive, for example, a tea set, pastels, and shading paper, a ball, and plastic livestock. The subjects were seen through a single direction mirror, and practices, for example, physical animosity, verbal hostility, and the occasions the hammer was utilized to strike the Bobo doll was surveyed. Results: Confounds inside examination: There are insignificant puzzling factors inside the test as Bandura, Ross, and Ross utilized a research facility explore technique to lead their esearch. The usage of a research facility try strategy permitted the experimenters to normalize conditions for all the subjects and procure more prominent control of superfluous factors, which thusly prompted a more grounded interior legitimacy. Interior legitimacy is how much a watched impact is because of the exploratory control as opposed to different factors, for example, superfluous factors. Some conceivable puzzling factors were kept away from and controlled. Right off the bat, the individual contrasts were constrained by guaranteeing subjects were evaluated for animosity preceding the investigation. This dispenses with a potential incidental factor †singular contrasts in hostility. Besides, the subjects inside the control and exploratory gatherings were coordinated for forcefulness to guarantee equivalent pieces of the gatherings. Thus, the information couldn't be influenced by prior degrees of hostility; in this way, causal connections can be made. Moreover, all the subjects were marginally disappointed before outlining forceful conduct. The subjects were permitted to play with the appealing toys for a couple of moments until they were told by the experimenter that the toys were for other different kids. Henceforth, the expansion in their enthusiastic incitement was around equivalent, before they were allowed a chance to be forceful. In conclusion, the experimenter evaluated the forceful degrees of the members with a nursery teacher that was all around familiar with kids. This diminished the odds of subjectivity. Albeit a large portion of the incidental and perplexing factors were mulled over, there are some puzzling factors that may have slanted the outcomes. Since there is high control in a research facility test, there is the chance of this prompting a devised circumstance, and, lost genuine legitimacy. Accordingly, the issue of interest trademark may have happened. An interest trademark is when members know about the experimenter’s desire and how they are anticipated to carry on. Thus, members would modify their conduct to fit the experimenter’s desire, which would bring about unrepresentative and invalid discoveries. The youngsters may have known about what was anticipated from them; one of the members said â€Å"Look Mummy, there’s the doll we need to hit† Noble (1975). Significance of the examination to the field: Albert Bandura’s accomplishment in his test has permitted him to demonstrate and confirm the Social Learning hypothesis. The Social Learning hypothesis or observational learning is presently generally acknowledged as a valuable hypothesis in the field of brain research; it very well may be utilized to shape wanted and satisfactory practices and kill undesirable mentalities. Some unpredictable practices, for example, language, would presumably never be learnt and created except if youngsters were presented to individuals who displayed them. Observational learning empowers kids to earn numerous reactions and practices in an enormous assortment of settings where the models are playing out their every day exercises and schedules. A few instances of observational learning would be watching guardians peruse and compose, parent’s mentality and reaction toward a specific situation, moral conduct, and moral choices. Moreover, Bandura has additionally built up a treatment called ‘’modeling therapy,† which is gotten from observational learning. The displaying treatment features the significance of learning through perception of good examples, and finding out about remunerations and discipline that follow conduct. The treatment has been demonstrated and is utilized to annihilate undesirable practices, fears, and uneasiness issue. Bandura’s Social learning Theory is additionally applied for instructive purposes. Instructors have discovered that observational learning is a powerful educating device. Observational learning forms â€Å"greatly impact children’s adapting to strife, dissatisfaction, scholastic stressors, and failure† (Zimmerman Schunk, 2003, p. 442). With information on observational learning, they can be cognizant and mindful of their activities, being circumspect and sure that they are depicting an ethically right conduct to their understudies. Customary behaviorists accepted that all creatures learned similarly; all conduct is found out through the earth, and this was clarified through operant and traditional molding. To put it plainly, the learning point of view was restricted to these methods. The revelation and confirmation of the Social Learning hypothesis has contributed towards the general move of the learning viewpoint to join subjective and social procedures; it exhibits that learning was not just founded on a lot of upgrade reaction affiliations. Besides, the social learning hypothesis ventures into the intellectual perspective’s domain, permitting improvement for increasingly viable strategies. The hypothesis can be viewed as a scaffold between the learning point of view and the subjective viewpoint, as it joins consideration and memory.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 54

Contextual investigation Example In Washington State specifically, tobacco and weed have kept on being most generally smoked by youth (Washington State Health Youth Survey, 2011). The level of the individuals who smoked regular diminished progressively between the years 2005 and 2010 from 17.5 percent to 11.0 percent (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). This suggested numerous individuals had stopped smoking in this period while others had changed from smoking each day to smoking in certain days as it were. The capacity to buy cigarettes is a result of individual pay. Tobacco control advocates have seen an expansion in the costs of tobacco coming about to a decrease in smoking among the populace (Shelly, 2010). Expenses are forced on tobacco items expanding the cost of tobacco and henceforth increment the expense of smoking. This lessens the smoking practice among no salary or low-pay grown-ups as moderateness of tobacco become very hard (Chaloupka, Straif and Leon, 2011). This could be a purpose behi nd individuals to stop smoking or decrease the pace of smoking. Cigarette smoking among secondary school seniors declined by a quarter among male understudies and a half among female understudies between the years 2001 and 2011 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). The quantity of individuals who smoked a few days in Washington, expanded from 2.4 percent to 4.2 percent. This was not slow as the number had expanded to 5.9 and 5.0 percent between 1995 to 2000, and 2005 separately (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Since smoking had gotten costly between those years, a few people may have decreased the recurrence at which they smoked from consistently to certain days. The numbers increment suggested that some of consistently smokers and non-smokers had started to smoke on certain days. The level of non-smokers in the state had bit by bit diminished from 29.9 to 25.5 percent between the years 1995 and 2010 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010) .

The One Thing to Do for Literary Analysis Essay Outline

The One Thing to Do for Literary Analysis Essay Outline Rather than covering everything, your essay introduction must tell that the full paper is going to be on Homer's Odyssey or medieval goldsmiths from the whole history. On the 1 hand, you may also have a look at our Argumentative Essay templates to help you begin on your position paper. Each and every paper will have different requirements and that's why you may benefit from using samples and templates. When it's a real paper one which has been graded. Scroll down the page in order to see extra essay samples which can help you in creating your very own literary essay. Our writers always comply with the guidelines given by our customers that's essential when it goes about all types of academic papers including admission essays. Level papers about a part of literature has to have a thesis sentence. The textual analysis conclusion may be a tricky thing. Now you have the question and you've gathered the required evidence, use the next outline for literary analysis to compose the perfect essay. It is very important to bear in mind that a thesis must not be an issue of opinion. A thesis needs to be informed by close observation of a particular element of the writing, and you want to have the ability to back up your claim with direct evidence from the book. In order to acquire analytical essay writing help, you just have to put an order on the webpage. The custom of writing essays also develops critical thinking that is highly n eeded in any upcoming job. An essay does not have any possibility of success in the lack of a carefully formulated thesis. If you need assistance with your literary essay, Digital Photography homework help or 3D Art homework assistance, you can always tackle the services which will gladly aid you. The Argument About Literary Analysis Essay Outline Every excellent essay ends with a superior conclusion. The conclusion ought to be organically linked with the former statement. A great conclusion restates the thesis and provides a review of the essay. Writing a Good Conclusion A very good conclusion isn't a restatement of the points you've already made. The One Thing to Do for Literary Analysis Essay Outline A text has to be understood not relatively, but its meaning has to be inherent. After grasping the meaning of what's a literary analysis essay, it's necessary for you to read the bit of literature in question many times. Don't forget, you're analyzing a crucial element of t he literature. In the event that you should analyze a poem, you would need to handle the different kinds of images in that poem or the association between the shape and the content. An analysis of a quick story demands basic understanding of literary elements. On another level, it's the story of all of the actual damage that could result from seemingly innocent adventures. Immediately after you've received the topic for your upcoming essay, thoughts and images will start to arise in your head. The factors stated above help to improve the viewer's impression of the film, since it supplies the movie more depth. The Most Popular Literary Analysis Essay Outline There's no overall pattern of the way to compose a literary analysis, as it greatly depends upon the part of work you will need to go over. The aim of a literary analysis essay is to examine many elements. Try to remember, a normal book review differs from literary analysis. Don't neglect to produce and use your liter ary analysis outline. Locate an ideal sample literary analysis outline before starting. Mind that downloading a few literary analysis essay examples is a terrific idea. To begin with, it's essential to learn what a literary analysis essay is. Note the way that it's accomplished in a sample literary analysis essay provided at our website. It may be tough to compose a kind of essay for the very first time. If it's the first time you're likely to use our article writing service, you most likely have plenty of questions. Although, 1 point to think about is to not overstate. If you don't understand the matter, you've hardly any opportunities to succeed. Some assignments will ask you to complete research and use outside expert analysis to back up your ideas. You should adhere to a particular format. The analysis paper format is very important. There are several different elements involved with writing an effective essay. Mind that you are supposed to look at the discussed literary piece from othe r angles. The introduction part should establish the topic of your essay, and explain the reason it's important to investigate it.

Deficit Spending the Deficit Good or Bad - 1831 Words

Deficit Spending: The Deficit Good or Bad Spending financed not by current tax receipts, but by borrowing or drawing upon past tax reserves. , Is it a good idea? Why does the U.S. run a deficit? Since 1980 the deficit has grown enormously. Some say its a bad thing, and predict impending doom, others say it is a safe and stable necessity to maintain a healthy economy. When the U.S. government came into existence and for about a 150 years thereafter the government managed to keep a balanced budget. The only times a budget deficit existed during these first 150 years were in times of war or other catastrophic events. The Government, for instance, generated deficits during the War of 1812, the recession of 1837, the Civil War, the†¦show more content†¦How could a deficit increase productivity without any cost? The idea of having a balanced budget is challenged by the ideas of Keynesian Economics. Keynesian economics is an economic model that predicts in times of low demand and high unemployment a deficit will not cost anything. Instead a deficit would allow more people to work, increasing productivity. A deficit does this because it is invested into the economy by government. For example if the government spends deficit money on new highways, trucking will benefit and more jobs will be produced. When an economic system is in recession all of its resources are not being used. For example if the government did not build highways we could not ship goods and there would be less demand for them. The supply remains low even though we have the ability to produce more because we cannot ship them. This non-productivity comes at a cost to the whole economic system. If deficit spending eliminates non-productivity then its direct monetary cost will be offset if not surpassed by increased productivity. For example in the 1980s when the huge deficits were adding up the actual additions t o the public capital or increased productivity were often as big, or bigger than the deficit. This means as long as the government spends the money it gains from a deficit on assets that increase its wealth and productivity, the debt actually benefits the economy. But, what if the government spends money on programs that doShow MoreRelatedNational Debt Is Not Always A Bad Thing1695 Words   |  7 Pagesitself. When the Treasury borrows funds, it issues Treasury bonds; these are IOUs of the federal government. In other words, the national debt is a stock of IOUs created by annual deficit flows. (Schiller 261) With the help of research and my economics class, I have learned that having national debt is not always a bad thing. For example, the financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the effects it had on the economy and people was horrible. However, I learned that if it weren t for the increase in governmentRead MoreDeficit Spending After World War II1459 Words   |  6 Pagesneeds a little work could use a few more examples heres one on the deficit for those economics classes Subject: the deficit good or bad Deficit Spending Spending financed not by current tax receipts, but by borrowing or drawing upon past tax reserves. , Is it a good idea? Why does the U.S. run a deficit? Since 1980 the deficit has grown enormously. Some say its a bad thing, and predict impending doom, others say it is a safe and stable necessity to maintain a healthy economy. When theRead MoreThe Budget Deficit For Fiscal Year1019 Words   |  5 Pageson all the money borrowed from other countries. Budget deficits, budget surplus, national debt, deficit spending all have pros and cons. The federal government collects fees, taxes and certain revenues every year while spending in other fields. Deficits happen when total expenditures in a fiscal year outweigh the total revenues, when this happens; the government borrows money from foreign countries to pay the difference. The budget deficit for fiscal year (Oct 1 2015- Sept 30, 2016) is projectedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Federal Deficit And Deficit Spending1181 Words   |  5 PagesTyler Derby Ms. Dancy AP Macroeconomics 9 January 2015 Analysis of the Federal Deficit and Deficit Spending in General Rationale: For as long as Americans can remember there has always been a federal deficit. In fact, the only time in American history when there was no federal debt was under president Andrew Jackson, and it only lasted a single year(Wall Street Journal). The federal government never managed to pay off the debt again, although some administrations, likeRead MoreDeficit Spending During The Great Depression768 Words   |  4 PagesDeficit Spending During the Great Depression, many people tried to save money and were spending less. Businesses produce less, unemployment rises and household incomes decline. There are few options available to reverse the effects of a recession on the economy. One specific option is deficit spending. Deficit spending is a government tool used to address serious economic issues. Deficit spending refers to government spending that exceeds federal income and taxes over a period of time. The governmentRead MoreThe Problem Of The United States Debt906 Words   |  4 Pagescontribute to the debt: Budget deficit, saving deficit, trade and balance deficit, and leadership deficit. For years the US government has been living beyond its means, spending more money on government services then they are bringing in through taxes. In 2008 the federal government was bringing in 2.5 trillion dollars, but they were spending 2.7 trillion dollars and every year the nation has this issue. In a span of forty years there have been thirty-five budget deficits, and only five budget surplusesRead MoreFederal Budget Deficit1343 Words   |  6 PagesExcessive Borrowing: Our Federal Government s Budget Deficit Maria comes home one day earlier than usual. Her family, two daughters of age five and eight and a stay-at-home husband, is surprised to see her so early and unexpectedly. The tired look on her face reveals the experience she had at work. She brings out a sluggish smile as her daughters rush up to greet her with their warm embraces, reminding her of the happiness they constantly provide but also saddened by their questionable futureRead MoreThe Deficit Spending On The Country s Economy803 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand deficit spending think about it in simpler terms, like, the budgeting of your check book. If you have $100.00 but want to spend $200.00 you will need to make the decision: do you not make the purchase or do you borrow the money by maybe using credit? A consideration to remember is how borrowing that money will have an effect on your overall budget. Not only will you have the initial $100.00 difference to repay but also the interest that goes along with repaying tha t money. Deficit spending isRead MoreTrade Deficit1198 Words   |  5 PagesBuffett’s decision to bet against the dollar a good one? Why or why not? A: Yes. He is betting that trade deficit will not be fixed and American’s bad habit of borrowing from abroad to pay for today will not stop. This is caused by Americans spending far more on imports than they are earning from exports. To finance this trade deficit, the U.S. borrows from abroad. Also, the U.S. government is spending more than it takes in from taxes. The budget deficits widens the gap between the national incomeRead MoreGreece : The Greek Exit From The European Union1024 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the early 2000s Greece saw its debt burden continue to grow due to a current account deficit (i.e. demand was higher than the absorption of GDP). Greece debt was large because the country was borrowing to finance its budget deficit. During 2010, Greece faced a loss in confidence from investors and a reduction in private investment. The country also had a large debt imbalances due to a prolonged CA deficit. Under usual conditions when this occurs a country’s currency would depreciate which would

How Far Does Luck Explain the Rise and Fall of Napoleon...

How far does luck explain the rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte? Napoleon Bonaparte like many others rose to prominence during the turbulent times of the French revolution- he was therefore lucky to have been born at such a time in to justify his advancing position. However his reputation as a skilled tactician and strategist enabled him to initially capitalize on the reforms of the French Revolution to improve the lives of French citizens. Napoleon Bonaparte emerged as an important figure for re-establishing order in France and initially gained the trust and support of his countrymen, winning many great military victories against the nations of Europe. But over time, Napoleons lust for power overcame his good economic, political and†¦show more content†¦He referred to his tactics thus: I have fought sixty battles and I have learned nothing which I did not know at the beginning. Look at Caesar; he fought the first like the last. His decision to record his exploits through two newspapers he founded for the army and circulation in France ea rned him wide critical acclaim. But again he was known to sacrifice military glory in favour of preserving his position, as shown by negotiations in Austria and the treaty of Campio Formio in response to Barras and the French republican allies in control of the French government becoming dependent on Bonaparte following the Coup of 18 Fructidor in order to depose the French royalists who feared Napoleon was becoming a dictator. It was not unlucky that this happened, as Napoleon handled the situation effectively and was able to continue his quest for power. His capacity as a strategist in military campaign against nations hostile to France continued to shine when he conceived an expedition into Egypt in order to seize it and thereby undermine Britain’s access to it’s trade interests in India. Although this invasion failed, mostly due to his loss in the battle of the Nile against Horatio Nelson, Napoleon- unlike his later years was able to take defeat well, speeding up the retreat by poisoning plague stricken men- this supposed act of fratricide was deemed necessary by his supporters given the continued harassment of stragglers by Ottoman forces, and indeed those left behindShow MoreRelatedPolitical Behaviour Impact to Leadership Excellence11497 Words   |  46 Pagesbecame a leader when he took into his life his good man Friday. In the most simple associations and in the most complex ones, leaders exert some directing influence, the nature and extent of which must be known if we are to understand how men get along togethe r. To explain why people choose or follow one kind of behavior rather than another-why they go to war or remain at peace, vote Democratic or Republican, or do a job poorly or well-introduces a search for guiding influences. The study of leadershipRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagessound and the author does a superior job of presenting the structure of arguments. David M. Adams, California State Polytechnic University These examples work quite well. Their diversity, literacy, ethnic sensitivity, and relevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily

Role of HR in Change Management

Question: Identify and assess the process of planning and managing change within an organisation. What role should HR play in change management? Answer: What Role Should HR Play in Change Management? The competition within the business environment has increased to such an extent that it drives the organizations to be creative and innovative in their approach which in turn drives them towards implementing change (Armenakis et al., 1993). This is important because change is the only constant thing and an organization while conducting its operations is likely to get affected by various external forces which can be depicted with the help of the following figure: [Source: www.changeboard.com] However while implementing change; the organization might various challenges out of which resistance to change on the part of the employees is looked upon as one of the most important factors (Burke et al., 2008). The main reasons on the part of the employees to resist change can be depicted with the help of following figure: [Source: www.changeboard.com] So this demands that the Human Resource Management should play an important role in managing the people so that changes can be implemented in an effective and efficient manner. The HR department within the organization is involved in recruiting, training, developing and monitoring the performance of the employees i.e. takes into consideration the various aspects that are related to the employees together with their level of motivation and job satisfaction and thus it can be said that it tend to play a major role in change management (Farndale Paauwe, 2010). So in this context the HR department strives to provide various resources that facilitate an organization to identify the processes which are essential in managing change and this reveals the fact that HR department involves in formulating strategies in order to ensure that the members of the organization readily and successfully adapts the change (Murray et al., 2008). Thus the role of HR as a change agent can be illustrated wit h the help of the following table: [Source: www.managemetnstudy.com] [Source: www.managemetnstudy.com] Thus it can be inferred that facilitating an organization with the tight kind of motivated employees is the responsibility on the part of the HR department and thus they strive towards recruiting the candidates who possess the ability to think out of the box can thus come up with fresh perspectives (Han et al., 2006). On the other hand it is also the responsibility of the Hr department to encourage and mentor the employees recruited in such a manner that they can act as future change agents. Again HR department also focuses upon organizing various training and development programs in order to equip the employees with the necessary skills which would facilitate them to adapt the change and remove their fears regarding the change. Again this can be illustrated with the help of the example of Royal Philips Electronics which has experienced various changes from both the internal and external forces. In the external context, it can be said that business environment is changing at a rapid pace and also has to deal with high price of raw materials due to inflation. Moreover in the year the company faced an internal change when Frans Van Houten was appointed was the CEO in place of Gerard Kleisterlee who was the former CEO. The newly appointed CEO announced various change areas like they have to operate faster and also announced that the management of the company is centralized. These responses reveal that the new CEO is looking forward towards minimizing the costs, motivating the employees to work with their full potential and enhance the organizational agility. Thus there was a shift in the culture of the organization and the values created were as follows Taking ownership Teamwork Eager to win Thus if the above changes is taken into consideration it can be said all these can changes within the organization can be successfully implemented only if the employees are motivated and are ready to accept the change. So in this regard, the HR department of the origination should strive towards establishing an effective communication with the employees in order to communicate the various aspects of change focusing mainly upon the benefits of change (Kotter, 1995). This would facilitate in reducing the uncertainty on the part of the employees and provide them a clear idea regarding what is expected from them. So it would facilitate in accelerating the process of the change implementation. So analyzing the incidence in the concerned organization it was observed that the company focused upon the above mentioned aspects and motivated HR department to play the major role in the change implementation and this facilitated the organization to occupy the position in the market it is experien cing at present. Thus HR change management competency model can de illustrated with the help of the following figure: [Source: www.amo.uvt.com] References Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating Readiness for Organizational Change. Human relations: studies towards the integration of the social sciences, 46 (6), 681. Burke, W. W., Lake, D. G. Paine, J. W. (Eds.) (2008) Organization change: a comprehensive reader. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Farndale, E. Paauwe, J. (2010) Context-bound configurations of corporate HR functions in multinational corporations. Human Resource Management, 49 (1), 45-66. Han, J., Chou, P., Chao, M., Wright, P. M. (2006). The HR Competencies HR effectiveness link: a study in Taiwanese high-tech companies. Human Resource Management, 45 (3), 391-406. Kotter, J.P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 59-67. Murray, J., Markides, C., Galavan, R. (Eds.) (2008). HR Dreams: Where Human Resource Management is Headed to Deliver Value. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Strategies for Marketers free essay sample

In Chapter 11 we focused in some detail upon Porters generic strategies and the nature and Buy this file from http://www. Download-it. Org/learning-resources. PH? Promoted===story=1321 sources of competitive advantage. This chapter takes the analysis a stage further by examining how the organizations position in the market, ranging from market leader through to market niche, influences strategy and planning. Finally, we turn our attention to the ways in which market and product life cycles need to be managed. 2. The influence of market position on strategy In discussing how best to formulate marketing strategy, we have focused so far on the models and approaches to planning that can help to tourmaline the analytical process. In making use of models such as these the strategist needs to pay explicit attention to a series of factors, including the organizations objectives and resources, managerial attitudes to risk, the structure of the market, competitors strategies and, very importan tly, the organizations position within the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategies for Marketers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The significance of arrest position and its often very direct influence upon strategy has been discussed in detail by a wide variety of writers, most of whom suggest classifying competitive position along a spectrum from market leader to market niches: Market leader. In the majority of industries there is one firm that is generally recognized to be the leader. It typically has the largest market share and, by virtue of its pricing, advertising intensity, distribution coverage, technological advance and rate of new product introductions, it determines the nature, pace and bases of competition. It is this dominance that typically provides the benchmark for other companies in the industry. Market challengers and followers. Firms with a slightly smaller market share can adopt one of two positions. A case in point is Morgan, specializing in traditional sports cars. By concentrating their efforts in this way, market niches are able to build up specialist market knowledge and avoid expensive head-on fights with larger companies. This approach to classification has in turn led to a considerable discussion of the strategic alternatives for leaders, challengers and achier, with numerous analogies being drawn between business strategy and military strategy. The idea has been to show how the ideas of Buy this file from http:// www. Unload-it. Org/learning-resources. PH? Promoted===story=1321 military strategists, and in particular Von Classicist, Sun Thus and Lidded-Hart, might be applied to the alternatives open to a company intent on gaining or retaining a competitive advantage . This section therefore examines some to these ideas and shows how market leaders might defend their current position, how challengers eight attempt to seize share, and how followers and niches are affected by this. An overview of how this might be done appears in Figure 12. 1 . Figure 12. 1 Leaders, followers, challengers and market niches 521 12. 4 Strategies for market leaders Although a position of market leadership has undoubted attractions, in terms of both the scope that often exists to influence others and a possibly higher return on investment, leaders have all too often in the past proved to be vulnerable in the face of an attack from a challenger or when faced with the need for a major technological hanger. If, therefore, a market leader is to remain as the dominant company, it needs to defend its position constantly. In doing this, there are three major areas to which the marketing strategist needs to pay attention: 1 How best to expand the total market 2 How to protect the organizations current share of the market 3 How to increase market share. Buy this file from http://www. Download-it. Org/learning- resources. PH? P A summary of the ways in which leaders might do this appears in Figure 12. 2. Figure 12. 2 Strategies for market leaders

Creative and innovative management in General Electric cooperation The WritePass Journal

Creative and innovative management in General Electric cooperation Introduction Creative and innovative management in General Electric cooperation Introduction â€Å"Management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right things† (Pascale, 1990)Types of Leadership StyleAutocratic:Democratic3. PaternalisticCase studyThe innovation management processConclusionRecommendationRelated Introduction â€Å"Management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right things† (Pascale, 1990) John Kotter (1996) defined management as number of procedures which can keep the complex interaction between individuals and technology moving efficiently. He identified several phases of this complex interaction, but the most important pieces are considered to be the â€Å"planning, budgeting, organising, staffing, controlling, and problem solving†. Similarly, leadership has been defined as â€Å"a set of processes that creates organisations in the first place or adapts them to significantly changing circumstances†. Good leadership can help draw a picture for the future, support people with that vision, and motivate them to pass all the obstacles to achieve the targets. Basically, effective management and leadership can lead an organisation to successfully achieve its targets. Leaders are people ‘who inspire with clear vision of how things can be done better’ (Slater, 2001). As personality traits, leadership and management possess many similarities. Both need a certain level of influence, the ability to work as a team with a variety of people, as well as the skill to set goals and manage them realistically. Nevertheless, these two traits might be considered very different in when looking at different fields of expertise. Though leadership and management have been around for centuries, the actual classification and concept of both leadership and management have only been developed in the last 100 years. The key functions of managers have been classified by the theorist Henri Fayol (1949) as: â€Å"Planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling†. Good leadership motivates individuals to perform allocated chores willingly, competently and successfully. Leadership can improve people’s performance at work, thus encouraging them to work harder and achieve high quality results. This increases not only job gratification at personal level, but also productivity at company level. Managers can create a positive and encouraging work atmosphere by making the employees understand their responsibility for the work, as well as their role in planning and control. As such, managers can create a positive outlook in their teams. This sense of responsibility at employee level is required to develop and grow a business. â€Å"Leadership is management job† Deming (1997). To be a successful manager, one should take into account six important points concerning quality and competence. These include leadership skills as well as management skills, and they are the foundation for each managerial position. The following list contains additional skills which make a good manager: Building a trusting working environment; Promoting a creative atmosphere without fear of change; Ensuring the highest quality results are achieved in order to meet the needs of clients; Ensuring up to date information is available and making certain clear communication channels are active to support informed decisions; Ensuring all results and activities are completed within planned financial and time limits, whilst guaranteeing quality; Utilising the position of influence to persuade and motivate, as well as achieving personal goals. This aspect of self-management is important as a manager is often seen as a ‘role model’. Types of Leadership Style Leadership style can be described as: Autocratic: Autocratic leaders often have the following characteristics: Leader makes decisions without reference or consultation with others Leader wants to have the final say and considers himself the most important person in any consultation Due to the limited consultation, the leader might reduce morale and friendliness among other members of the team This type of leadership may be effectives in cases where a quick and bold decision is required. Democratic Democratic leaders often have the following characteristics: Leader believes in their team and they stimulate others to engage in the decision-making process; Leader believes that all employees are responsible for the success of the work, and thus ownership of the work may be emphasised throughout the organisation; Leader takes the view of others into account and all relevant parties are consulted before final decision are made Leader will try to convince or persuade others of his thoughts when a decision has to be made; Leader may help the motivation and general morale in the work place through active involvement of employees; -Through the leaders’ efforts, the employees have a sense of belonging to the companys ideas and ambitions; Leader helps develop innovative ideas and development within the business. 3. Paternalistic A paternalistic leader often has the following characteristics: The leader considers himself a ‘father figure’ and acts in this manner; Leader does not always involve other people in decision-making; The leader considers it important to guide and support the staff; Case study In this case study we will look Jack Welch, a well-known and influential business leader of the 20th century. Mr Welsh was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of General Electric Co. (GE) and he is considered a very good example of a born leader. During the 41 years he spent working with GE, he helped transform the company into a very successful, productive and thus valuable business. As a CEO, he is renowned for his creative and innovative leadership style. Jack Welsh commenced his career at GE as a Junior Engineer in 1960, just after receiving a doctorate in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois. Not long after starting work at GE, Mr Welch accepted a different offer from International Minerals and Chemicals, as he was not satisfied with the bureaucracy at GE. However, this plan never materialised as Reuben Geutoff, an executive at GE at the time, convinced him to stay and helped reduce the bureaucracy. As such, Jack Welch remained with GE, and gradually progressed through the company, from head of the plastics division in 1968, to group executive in 1973. Only twenty years after starting at the company, Mr Welch became the youngest CEO at GE to date. During this time working in this post, the company grew from a relatively small manufacturer of light bulbs and simple electrical appliances, to a multi-billion industrial conglomerate by the turn of the century. Over 900 acquisitions, worth several billion dollars were under his supervision, and made the company several more billion dollars through the sale of part of businesses. The innovation management process One of Mr Welch’s most important skills was the fact that he was an intuitive strategist. Intuitive leadership sensitively opens opportunities for personal expansion among high value executives, enabling them to connect with and discover the hidden distinctions of transformational change that exist within themselves. For example: Implementation – the turning of prospective ideas into a new product or service, or resulting in a change in a process. Acquiring – the combination of existing as well as new knowledge and insight, both from the organisation itself as from external sources, to find an answer to the problem. Executing – turning information into a product, which can then be marketed and launched. Launching – Show the product to the market and ensure acceptance or adoption Sustaining – Ensuring the use of the project in the longer term Learning – Using the project cycle to develop, improve and change the manner in which the project is managed The streategy used by Mr Welch provides an opportunity to reduce unnecessary rules and continually question the development of different rules, as well as implement a new structure or alter the way in which the organisation operates. Such changes may be necessary because the organisation’s circumstances have changed or it is taking on new activities. Mr Welch was known as a great communicator, skilled at building trust between staff throughout the organisation. At the same time, he was highly competitive. He believed that management should make sure that new ideas are encouraged and that obstackles be removed from product advancement. Companies should create a setting where staff-led initiatives are promoted, and where training and innovation was available to all that worked there. As a result of his competitive edge, Mr Welch believed such innovative projects should be carefully controlled and managed within the company. Innovative ideas can originate from anywhere in an organisational structure, but it is recognised that developing the â€Å"raw idea† to an â€Å"implemented idea† needs careful support. Managers should be provided the opportunity to be creative and try out new ideas and concepts (within pre-considered risks). Of course the manager should remain accountable and as such the project should be implemented with consideration for timing and budgets. Companies should ensure they have the capacity to accurately envisage potential risks and opportunities, and have the ability to act on any necessary changes. As such, they should ensure that their administrative rules provide support to the innovations in the workplace, instead of providing red-tape which may hold back ideas. It is important for leaders to have vision, authority, but it is more important for them to reach out to individuals all along the chain of command to make sure that everyone feels involved in the process of change. Leaders who don’t do this, and attempt to impose their vision from the top-down instead, might manage to achieve something that looks like their vision, but which is essentially empty. To persuade stakeholders of the benefits of a creative and innovative idea, one must adopt a variety of approaches to make the ideas appear powerful and compelling. If the ideas you are promoting are congruent with your core beliefs and values, it will be easier to promote them with true passion. Hence, it is important to first consider as to why a particular change or improvement needs to happen, and also how you see this happening. The change will only happen if you truly believe in the results. The following notes can be used for guidance: 1. Get all the facts behind your idea 2. Link humen emotions to the facts supporting your idea 3. Describe your idea and support it by example 4. Create a clear implementation roadmap 7. Be ready for any questions Conclusion Mr Welch had a democratic style leadership- he was greater communicator and he shared information with his colleagues and employers. It is considered very important to include the employer in sharing information, as it if often the higher level managers who interact on a face to face level with the customers, and thus they need to have access to all necessary facts. Mr Welch had the ability to make decisions and change the rules and he possessed the has the spirit of competition. This competitive edge helped push the business towards success and his intuitive strategies helped lead the company accomplish a wide set of goals and targets. As a business leader, Jack Welch was able to work in harmony with the larger business entity and his specific business characteristics made him a successful business leader Recommendation I recommend that those who want to become great leaders like Jack Welch, build on their charisma. Every leader wants to be an excellent one, and follow in the footsteps of a good example, I believe Jack is very good example to follow.

Marketing of nuclear power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing of nuclear power - Essay Example Now looking at the future of the world energy market is to consider trends in energy consumption at the end use sector level. With the exception of the transportation sector which is almost universally dominated by petroleum products at present, the mix of energy use in residential and business sector (commercial & industrial) can vary worldwide from country to country depending on the combination regional factors such as the availability of the energy resources, the level of economic development and political, social and demographic factors. Now the worldwide energy market is expected to increase on an average by 2% per year over the forecast period from 2002 to 2025, slightly lower than the 2.2% average annual growth rate from 1970 to 2002. Total energy use is projected to grow from 412 quadri billion British thermal unit(Btu) in 2002 to 645 quadri billion Btu in 2025. Emerging economies account for much of the projected growth in marketed energy consumption over the next two decades with energy use in this group be more than double by 2025.Economic activity as measured by gross domestic product (GDP) is purchasing power parity terms, is expected to expand 5.1% per year in the emerging economies as... s expected to expand 5.1% per year in the emerging economies as compared with 2.5% per year in mature market and 4.4% in transitional market economies. On the basis of consumption: Domestic or Residential sector: The residential sector is defined by the energy consumed in household excluding transportation uses. The type of energy used by household varies from country to country depending on income levels, natural resources and available energy infrastructures. Households in mature market economies use energy more intensive than those in less developed economies primarily because of higher income level. In Mexico, country's residential energy consumption projected to increase by 3.4% per year in USA it is 1.6% while in Western Europe it is expected to increase by 0.4% per year from 2002 to 2025.Residential electricity use in transitional economies is projected to grow nearly double in the projected period of 2002 to 2025. Household energy use is projected to increase most rapidly in the emerging economies in the coming decades. In this region the population growth and urbanization will increase and create a larger demand for residential energy services. As a result the emerging economies in 2025 are projected to nearly equal the mature market economies in residential energy use. Business segment: a. Commercial sector: Often referred as the services sector or the services and institutional sector, consists of business organization that provides services. Due to slow rate of population growth in mature market as a whole expected demand in this region projected to grow by 1.9% per year from 2002 to 2025. Many countries in transitional economies expected to see their population decline during the period 2002 to 2025; commercial sector electricity consumption is projected

Performance management assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Performance management assignment 3 - Essay Example Projection: Based on the projection given, H.C.P is a complete loss making venture. First of all there is an error in projection. According to the business plan H.C.P is saying they will adopt selling price of ?10,000 and make a profit margin of 20% yet production cost per car is ?10,666. Based on supply and demand findings the optimal gross profit attainable is approximately ?15 million which is less than ?300 million needed to breakeven. In order for H.C.P to achieve 15% annual minimum return on capital employed the need to attain gross profit of ?450 million. The maximum production capacity is 90,000 cars per year. Assuming H.C.P reach maximum production level, they will have to sell each car at ?15,666 to attain 15% minimum return on capital employed but according to demand and supply curve that volume of sales can only be attained when the price per is ?9,000 which is below production cost. This leaves H.C.P at a paradox. Looking at the competitors price range the minimum and ma ximum price per car is ?10,400 and ?11600 respectively. Using these parameters we can determine what are optimal production, sales volume and selling price. How H.C.P can Attain 15% minimum return on capital employed: We know it’s difficult to attain maximum production capacity of 90,000 per annum; therefore we need to setup optimal production capacity based on percentage. ... 50,080 17,942,480 14,989,920 53,720,000 44,880,000 214,880,000 179,520,000 572,977,520 478,690,080 7,198,480.00 14,989,920.00 Â   Â   300,000,000.00 300,000,000.00 300,000,000.00

Roles and Responsibility in Lifelong Learning Essay Example for Free

Roles and Responsibility in Lifelong Learning Essay In the course of my research, I discovered that the teaching profession, like many other professions is being guided by a set of legislations, which can also be referred to as the code of conduct for the teaching profession. This set of legislations has been put in place for the effective management of teachers. These legislations guide the roles and responsibilities of us teachers. WHAT ARE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES The Chambers Combined Dictionaries defined role as ‘a part played in life, the function of a person or thing’. With the in-depth understanding that my role as teacher exceed just teaching in the class room, I have come to appreciate the key legislations that guides the teaching profession. My role as a teacher requires me amongst other titles to be a guardian, an instructor, a director. The key aspects of legislation and regulations that that guides the teaching profession in England are, but to not limit to: I being a teacher must have an in-depth knowledge of the subject that I teach in other to be confident in transferring it to my students. As a teacher, I must posses the ability to Plan, Prepare, Deliver and also Assess the student. This is to aid the subject understanding or academic development of the student. (Dept for Education May 2012).[1] From my understanding the course of planning and preparing would also create some form of enthusiasm from me (the teacher) towards the subject that I teach and my job in general. The law demands that I am fair towards every single student that I am responsible for and I also treat my student with respect no matter their culture, ethnic background, religious belief, sexual orientation and political view, ability or dis-ability. (Equality Act 2010). In all educational setting a teacher is expected to practice the inclusive method of teaching, as by so doing, no student or group of student feels pigeonholed. Having said that, the code of practice expect me not to be incognisance of the fact that there are different theories of learning. As a good teacher I need to have detailed understanding of these theories and when to apply them. I should be able to set high standard, motivate and inspire my students. Keep detailed record of learner’s activities, assessment and progress. The ministry of Education ‘‘demands that I should be trained and prepared to address the daily challenges that is been exhibited by different students In the learning centre’’. Remarkably Dr S.Wallace has enlightened teachers and student teachers on challenging behaviour in the lifelong learning sector and how to deal with it. (S.Wallace. 2007 p.1)[2]. Finally all teachers must are to ensure their continual professional development (CPD). B: AN ANALYSIS OF BOUNDARIES IN THE TEACHING PROFFESSION Professionalism demands that boundaries be set between a service provider and his or her client, in this case between the teacher and the leaner. In the education sector it is the duty of the teacher and the school authority to set out these boundaries for both staff and learners, but it is the express duty of the teacher to ensure that these boundaries are established because we are in most cases the only contact the learners make in the learning centre for a given period of time These boundaries define the effective and appropriate relationship between the teacher and the learners. Teachers are to ensure that they dress appropriately to the learning centre. Firstly, due to the popular ‘saying dress the way you want to be addressed’. Secondly the teaching role makes the teacher a role model as well and the impression they make on the learner has a huge impact on the learner’s life. (Kyriacou 2001)[3] Teachers are to ensure that they do not enter into any personal relationship with the learners, be it in the further education setting or otherwise. Personal relationship may lead to favouritism and erode the teacher’s sense of good judgement. We teacher are not to give our personal information to the students and these include personal telephone number and addresses and we are to at no time entertain our students in our home. Teachers are to use good or appropriate language at all times. Also teacher are to be cautious of their physical contact that they make with students. Depending on the setting were they are, it would be advisable for no physical contact to be made except in emergencies or for health and safety reasons. For the purpose of this research I think it would also be ideal for teacher to always evaluate the circumstances that they are in and how the set boundaries are affecting any particular situation or student. C: A REVIEW OF POINTS OF REFFERAL TO MEET THE NEEDS OF LEARNERS Every learner has the right to expect that they will receive high quality learning, appropriate to their needs and circumstances in a safe and healthy environment’. (Success for All, DES 2002)[4] At the point of referral it is imperative that initial assessment is carried out for the school authority to know of any risk or support plan that need to set up for the learners. It could be that some learner requires the support of a teaching assistant. It might be a case whereby the learner requires an assistive technology to make learning easier for the individual. Take for instance, I have student in my class who is having an issue of drug and alcohol addiction or misuse, I would have a discussion with the learner, with his or her permission and the school authority’s a the learner would be referred to agency who helps people with drug and alcohol problem, i.e The National Treatment Agency For Substance Misuse run by the NHS or any other available agency dealing with drugs and and alcohol misuse. The therapy that such a student receives from this referral impacts greatly on the learners study and life in general, which then create some sense of satisfaction to me as a teacher, knowing that I have fulfilled my role not just as a teacher but also as a mentor D: AN EXPLANATION OF HOW TO PROMOTE APPROPRIATE BEHAVIOUR AND RESPECT FOR OTHERS In every organisation and learning environment it is important for some ground rules to be set by management and for the purpose of this research, teacher. These ground rules create orderliness in the learning centre and mutual respect from both learners to teachers and amongst learners themselves. These ground rules as to start from the teacher. The teacher is to first ensure that he is not late for class as this could give room to student to get dis-engaged even before the start of the lesson. Teachers should arrive early to create a conducive and supportive learning environment for the students. This would enable the students to settle down to work or study upon their arrival to class. Teachers are to ensure that there is a clear guide about the day’s lesson because ‘’ it has been recognised that students like to know the confines within which they are expected to work’(Ann Gravell 3rd Edition).[5] Create a settling in activity that engages every learner in the class room i.e a quiz or a timed group work, this way, every student gets involved in the lesson for the day. There should be a clear communication network from the teacher to the learners. There should be fairness and equal praise or discipline of the learner so there is no case of favouritism which can lead to disorderliness in class. References Gravells,A. (2008) Preparing to teach in the life long learning sector. Third edition. Learning Matters. London, Sage publication. Kyriacou.C (2001) Essential Teaching Skill. 3rd Edition. Cheltenham, united kingdom. Nelson Thornes Limited Wallace S (2007). Managing Behavior in the LifeLong Learning Sector. 2nd Edition. Exeter, England. Learning Matters. P.1 Ministry of Education, (2012) Dept For Education and Special Needs. Teacher’s Standard. England. www.education.gov.uk

Alias Grace :: essays research papers

Introduction Margret Atwood a long time celebrated author, has most recently published Alias Grace. Atwood has taken a different approach to this novel. Although fictional this story has been based on reality. Grace Marks, the main character is indeed, on of the mid-eighteen hundreds most famous criminals. She was the celebrated villain of the Kinnear-Montgomery murders. This novel has a terrific sense of mystery but also enough interest to engage the reader into its historical drama. Plot Summary Alias Grace, begins in the main character, Grace Marks', sixteenth year of incarceration for the murder of Thomas Kinnear, her past employer. Her supposed accomplice in the murders has already been killed for the murder of Kinnear, although Marks being a woman was handed a lighter sentence of life, although originally sentenced to death also. The death of Nancy Montgomery, Kinnear's housekeeper and mistress, was disregarded as both villain had already been sentenced to death. Grace is around thirty years old, being accused of the crimes when she was only sixteen. Grace is prison where she has been mentally tortured during her rotation from prison to asylum over time. Doctors who wish to "examine" her frequently visit. She has now has a subconscious aversion to these doctors and the world which she knows. She has become accustomed to being silent and unseen. This novel begins with the interest of a young doctor in Grace, Dr. Simon Jordan. He is noted as being from a wealthy family and of good name, but is more interested in studying abroad about sanity and those enclosed in asylums rather than interest at home. He has little experience in dealing on a personal basis with the question of sanity of patients, but is intrigued by this fabulously sensationalized murderess. A group that has continuously tried for the pardon of Grace Marks has recruited him. In hopes of discovery that she has been found mentally sane and furthermore innocent on all counts of murder. Dr. Jordan's main purpose is to help recover the lost memory of the time during the murders. This memory which some to believe was conveniently forgotten helped convict her during the trial; almost as if she had admitted to the killings. During the course of his visits with Grace, Dr. Jordan encourages her to tell of her life before the murders. Grace begins her story with her family in Scotland. Grace had been left with her abusive father and the smaller children after her mother died on the passage to America. A trip taken for necessity rather that need: for her father was in a bit of financial trouble in Scotland. Grace is sent out in Canada as a servant.

Interviewed Couple Essay

The family is regarded as the basic unit of society and as such, good parenting is important in order to strengthen the family as an institution. Nevertheless, the situation of every family is different. There are important factors such as age, cultural, background, financial stability, etc. that must be carefully considered in assessing the parenting style in every family. Being the case, it is necessary that the situation of families are given due importance and the most effective way to be able to understand parenting styles is through the face-to-face interaction with parents. In relation to this, Henry and Tanya Pietrkowski were interviewed when it comes to parenting their daughter, Sophia. The interviewees are Henry and Tanya Pietrkowski who are the parents of a 14 years old teenager. The first part of the interview is about the family background of the couple that involves their respective ethnicity and religion. Tanya has a German-Jewish and Russian Jewish ethnicity. She pointed out that there was a conflict between the German and Russian sides of her family. She grew up in a small town Georgia wherein Jews are regarded as a minority. On the other hand, Henry came from a family of first-generation American Jewish. His parents emigrated from Poland and were Holocaust survivors. Henry grew up in the north side of Chicago. In this part of the interview, the ethnicity and religious background of the couple is given importance because the place and way by which they grew up have a substantial effect in their corresponding beliefs and values about parenting (McDermott 4). In addition, through the conversation of the interviewer with the couple it was established that their ancestors were immigrants from other countries and regarded as a minority in the American society. Tanya even explicitly stated that she experienced living in a small town in Georgia wherein Jews are a minority. In terms of parenting, the cultural background of the parents is important, especially when it comes to dealing with teachers that will be responsible in educating their children. The parents and the teachers should be able to understand each other in terms of cultural context in order for them to properly guide the education and behavior of the child (McDermott 4). The interview with the couple also gives emphasis with the respective lessons that they learn from their parents regarding parenting. The couple explained that their parents veered away from the parenting styles of their grandparents because the latter experienced a very difficult childhood, which is why in the case of Tanya, her parents chose to live in Georgia so that she will not experience the difficulties that they went through. Both the parents of the couple are disciplinarians. Nevertheless, they were still able to maximize their skills and talents even though their parents are not financial stable. Tanya’s father was an art professor, which make it easier for her to develop her singing, running, debating, and other skills because her father provided her with private lessons with his colleagues in the academe. Tanya’s father exemplified the ability of parents to give the necessary their children by means of supporting their interests, which eventually served as a huge help in maximizing their potentials as individuals (Heath 316). Unfortunately, Tanya admitted that her parents were not able to address the issues that they have during their childhood, which makes it difficult for them to instill the necessary values to her and her brother. Furthermore, Tanya and her mother also have disagreements on the way Tanya raised her daughter, especially when it comes to financial matters and the values that she teach her daughter. The problem of Tanya’s parents in teaching values to their children is brought about by unresolved childhood issues, which is discussed by Erik Erikson in the stages of development. Tanya’s parents were not able to properly go through the different stages of development, which is why their unresolved childhood issues still affects their parenting style (Elkind 9). Moreover, the disagreement between Tanya and her mother is also caused by the failure of the mother to properly develop into an adult that has the necessary financial stability and value fulfillment (Newman and Newman 317). The second part of the interview involves the conversation about the marriage of the couple and their decision to conceive a child. Based on the answer of the couple, they were only 13 months married when Tanya became pregnant. The couple already acknowledges the idea that they will become parents but they did not expect that it will happen very soon. However, even though the child came very early in their marriage the couple was able to fulfill their respective dreams of being married first and having a stable job before having a baby. In this situation, the couple was individually fulfilled before having a baby, which is essential in their growth process as adults and eventually has a good effect in their parenting (Simon and Lambert 91). The last part of the interview is about the parenting of the couple. It is clearly observable that the couple also wants the best for their daughter, in terms of her living a better life as compared to them. The couple has their own parenting style that is different from their parents because their experienced taught them their parents lack the necessary tending in the way they were raised (Taylor 34). Moreover, the couple also moved to a part of Chicago that has Jewish community in order for their daughter not to feel isolated. They also enrolled their daughter to a Jewish school in order for her to have a strong Jewish faith unlike them. The couple admitted that they do not have any specific parenting style for their daughter wherein they did not establish any parenting roles of rules that their daughter need to follow. The couple just goes with the flow of parenting but they believed that they were able to raise their children well because they listen to her, which is important in parenting. The couple advised other parents that the right way of parenting is by trusting one’s instinct, which is actually true in the most current studies that there is â€Å"no single recipe for successful parenting† because every family have different issues, backgrounds, beliefs, and values that must be considered in identifying the right parenting style (Maccoby 451).

International Trade Free Trade Essay - 1420 Words

Economics Free Trade Free trade is a system in which goods, capital, and labor flow freely between nations, without barriers which could delay the trade process. There are many nations that have free trade agreements, and several global organizations promote free trade between their members. There are a few arguments both for and against this practice, ranging from economists, politicians, industries, and social scientists. A few barriers to trade are struck down in a free trade agreement. Taxes, tariffs, and import quotas are all eliminated, as are subsidies, tax breaks, and other forms of support to local producers. Restrictions on the flow of money are also lifted, and regulations, which could be considered a barrier to free trade. Free trade enables overseas companies to trade just as efficiently, easily, and effectively as local producers. The idea behind free trade is that it will lower prices for goods and services by encouraging competition. Local producers would no longer be able to count on government subsidies and other forms of assistance, including quotas which force citizens to buy from local producers, while overseas companies move in on new markets when barriers to trade are lifted. In addition, free trade is also supposed to encourage improvement, since competition between companies triggers a need to come up with original products and solutions to capture market share. Free trade can also substitute global cooperation, by encouraging nations to freelyShow MoreRelatedFree Trade And International Trade1382 Words   |  6 PagesAnalytical Essay 1 Free trade occurs when there are no artificial blockades put in place by governments to restrict the flow of goods and services between trading countries. When trade barriers, such as tariffs and subsidies are put in place, they protect domestic producers from international competition and redirect, rather than create trade flows. 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